We presume testicular functions more sensitive to the Nano-Curcumin than its conventional forms. To sum up, an in vivo application of Curcumin might result in defect of spermatogenesis. The male reproductive toxicology of Curcumin preparations, particularly the nanoparticles, needs to be evaluated prudently. That is also meaningful to the development of male contraceptive drugs in the future. CK2 is a Ser/Thr protein kinase usually present in the cells as a tetrameric enzyme composed of two catalytic and two regulatory subunits. It is constitutively active and ubiquitously expressed, and phosphorylates such a striking number of substrates to be considered the most pleiotropic protein kinase. It is involved in several cellular processes, such as cell cycle, gene expression, protein synthesis, signal transduction and metabolism; however, its hall-mark is considered its prosurvival and anti-apoptotic function. This is supported by the observation that many CK2 substrates are proteins involved in cell death/survival, and, more importantly, that the reduction of CK2 activity or expression is invariantly followed by cell death, mainly due to apoptosis. Consistent with the anti-apoptotic function of CK2, cancer cells, which are characterized by rapid proliferation and defective apoptosis, express particularly high levels of CK2. It has a special role in tumorigenesis, potentiating pathways that are frequently up-regulated or untimely activated in cancer, and it has consequently been defined as a key player in cancer biology. Whenever comparison has been performed, CK2 has been shown significantly more abundant in tumor cells than in healthy counterparts. However, at the same time tumors rely more on CK2 for their survival, and this phenomenon, described as addiction to CK2 of cancer cells, explains why they are more sensitive to its inhibition or knocking-down, compared to normal cells. On these bases, CK2 is presently considered a promising Naloxegol (oxalate) therapeutic target, also exploiting the fact that, due to the peculiar structure of the CK2 catalytic site, several very specific inhibitors are available. Many of them have already proved to be able to kill cancer cells and in some cases also employed for 453562-69-1 successful animal treatment. The two compounds CX-4945 and CX-5011 are amo