Ether Kill S. aureus. The results indicated that GML delayed TSST- Mammalian cell toxicity Since GML and DDG are most likely to be utilized in topical applications, they will be in contact with epithelial cells. Therefore, we determined the toxicity of GML and DDG to immortalized human BGJ 398 vaginal epithelial cells using an assay to measure the membrane integrity following In vivo rabbit Wiffle ball infection model Both GML and DDG demonstrated in vitro potential as topical anti-staphylococcal agents, thus their efficacy in vivo was evaluated using a rabbit Wiffle ball infection model with compound injected directly into the site of infection. This model is a model for toxic shock syndrome as the bacteria are localized in the Wiffle ball both in suspension and as biofilms formed along the Wiffle ball surface; however, superantigens penetrate the Wiffle ball encapsulation tissue into blood circulation to cause systemic effects, including TSS. The survival curves for these experiments are shown in Fig. with S. aureus Discussion TSS is a serious complication of S. aureus infection, and the superantigen, TSST- Monoester/Ether Kill S. aureus Kabara and colleagues reported the MIC of GML against S. aureus was October Monoester/Ether Kill S. aureus abscesses are aerobic, and appear to provide TSST- Materials and Methods S. aureus isolates Fifty-four clinical isolates were tested to assess the ability of GML versus DDG to inhibit the growth of S. aureus. These included Antimicrobial compounds DDG propane- Determination of compound degradation by bacterial lipase Overnight S. aureus culture supernates were filtered to remove bacteria and placed into wells on agarose slides incorporated with either GML or DDG and October Monoester/Ether Kill S. aureus incubated for Rabbit Wiffle ball infection model Ethics statement: All animal experiments were performed in accordance with protocols approved by the University of Minnesota Institutional Animal Care and Use 
Committee. The rabbit Wiffle ball infection model has been previously described. Briefly, golf-ball-sized Wiffle balls were implanted subcutaneously in the flanks of Dutch-belted rabbits. The animals were allowed to recover for Culture conditions Bacteria were cultured overnight in Todd-Hewitt Bacto broth at TSST-Proteins in the Tumor necrosis factor a ELISA TNF-a was used as a biomarker of inflammation at the infection site. Purified recombinant rabbit TNF-a, capture antibody, primary detection antibody, secondary anti-rabbit antibody, and assay reagents were commercially available from Becton Dickinson. Rabbit Wiffle ball fluids were diluted a minimum of Cytotoxicity of the compounds to human vaginal cells Immortalized human vaginal epithelial cells were used to determine mammalian cell cytotoxicity of GML and DDG. The cells were maintained in Keratinocyte-Serum Free medium, supplemented with recommended supplements and antibiotics/antifungal. Cells were seeded into Statistical methods homocomplexes relay a signal by binding MAVS, an adapter protein that mediates CARDdependent interactions with RIG-I. This signaling complex further activates the transcription factors NF-kB and interferon regulatory factor -October Impact of RIG-I Polymorphisms and its potential positive or negative effects on the host antimicrobial defense. Interestingly, studies aiming to characterize RIG-I polymorphisms are scarce. Here, we characterized functional effects of two RIG-I SNPs that might help us to understand the ba